This study characterizes gains in sensitivity and spectral resolution of proton echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (PEPSI) with increasing magnetic field strength (B(0)). Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) per unit volume and unit time, and intrinsic linewidth (LW) of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr), and choline (Cho) were measured with PEPSI at 1.5, 3, 4, and 7 Tesla on scanners that shared a similar software and hardware platform, using circularly polarized (CP) and eight-channel phased-array (PA) head coils.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In vivo 1H MR spectroscopy demonstrates elevated choline (Cho)/creatine (Cr) and myo-inositol (MI)/Cr in many neurologic diseases that has been ascribed to gliosis. We tested the hypotheses that in vivo Cho/Cr and/or MI/Cr levels are correlated with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunostains and that the changes are water-soluble metabolites.
Previous 31P cross-polarization and differential cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CP/MAS and DCP/MAS) solid-state NMR spectroscopy studies of native bone and of the isolated crystals of the calcified matrix synthesized by osteoblasts in cell culture identified and characterized the major PO(-3)(4) phosphate components of the mineral phase.
Previous measurements of the hydroxyl (OH-) ion content of the calcium phosphate crystals of bone mineral have indicated a substantial depletion or near-absence of OH-, despite its presumed status as a constituent of the hydroxyapatite lattice. Analytical methods for determining bone crystal OH- content have depended on procedures or assumptions that may have biased the results, such as chemical pretreatment to eliminate interference from the organic matrix.
Studies of the apatitic crystals of bone and enamel by a variety of spectroscopic techniques have established clearly that their chemical composition, short-range order, and physical chemical reactivity are distinctly different from those of pure hydroxyapatite. Moreover, these characteristics change with aging and maturation of the bone and enamel crystals.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive technique to measure metabolism in the brain or in other parts of the body including the liver, heart, prostate or breast. It is used for clinical diagnostics, monitoring therapeutic treatments and to understand the pathogenesis of diseases.
